Git pull rebase

git pull --rebase combines the functionality of git fetch with git rebase. This guide provides a detailed understanding of how to use git pull rebase effectively in your development workflow.

Understanding git pull rebase

When you perform a git pull, Git by default merges the fetched changes with your local branch. This merge can create a merge commit, which might clutter your project history. Using git pull --rebase instead of the default git pull (which by default is git pull --merge) rewrites your local branch's history by reapplying your work on top of what came down from the server.

Why use git pull --rebase?

Using git pull --rebase keeps your project history cleaner and linear, which simplifies both navigation and troubleshooting. By integrating the base branch changes without adding additional merge commits, rebasing avoids cluttering the branch history, making it easier to follow the development process and identify specific changes.

Additionally,in a rebase workflow, reverting changes is more straightforward since each commit is applied one at a time, making it easier to isolate and undo specific changes without disrupting the entire branch history.

Configuring git pull to use rebase by default

To avoid having to specify --rebase every time you pull, you can configure Git to make rebasing the default behavior when you execute a git pull. You can do this globally or just for a specific repository.

1. Global configuration:

   Terminal

   git config --global pull.rebase true
   
   

   This command sets rebasing as the default method for any repository you work with on your machine.

2. Repository-specific configuration:

   Terminal

   git config pull.rebase true
   
   

   This sets rebasing as the default method only within the current repository.

Understanding the configuration options

• git rebase false: This is the default setting where git pull executes a merge.
• git rebase true: This makes every git pull use the rebase method.
• git rebase merges: This is a nuanced setting that rebases the changes but preserves merge commits.

How to perform a git pull rebase

To pull and rebase the current branch on top of the upstream branch, you can use:

git pull --rebase

If you want to be more specific about the remote and branch you are pulling from, you might use:

git pull origin main --rebase

This command fetches the new commits from the main branch of the origin remote and rebases your current branch on top of these fetched changes.

Rebase local branch when pulling

If you're working on a local branch that needs updating with respect to an upstream branch, you can specify the branch as well:

git pull origin your-branch-name --rebase

This pulls changes from your-branch-name on the origin remote and rebases your current branch onto it.

Handling rebase conflicts

During a rebase, conflicts may occur. Here's how you handle them:

1. Identify the conflict: Git will stop at the first problematic commit and output a message indicating a conflict.
2. Resolve the conflict: Open the conflicting files and make the necessary changes.
3. Add the resolved files: Use git add <file-name> to mark conflicts as resolved.
4. Continue the rebase: Run git rebase --continue to proceed with the rebase.
5. Abort the rebase (if needed): If you decide not to continue with the rebase, you can revert to the original branch state by running git rebase --abort.

For a more detailed step-by-step walkthrough, see this guide on resolving merge conflicts.

For further detail on rebasing see the official Git documentation.

Using Graphite CLI to rebase and sync your stack

In workflows involving stacked pull requests, the Graphite CLI offers a streamlined alternative to git pull --rebase. Instead of manually fetching and rebasing, you can use gt sync to update your local branch with the latest changes from the trunk (e.g., main) and automatically rebase your stack on top of it.

Syncing your stack with gt sync

To synchronize your current branch and rebase your stack onto the latest trunk:

gt sync

This command performs the following actions:

• Fetches the latest changes from the trunk branch.
• Rebases your current branch onto the updated trunk.
• Automatically restacks any dependent branches above your current branch.

This approach simplifies the process of keeping your stack up-to-date with the trunk, reducing the likelihood of merge conflicts and maintaining a linear commit history.

Handling rebase conflicts

If conflicts arise during the rebase process, Graphite CLI provides guidance to resolve them:

1. Identify and resolve conflicts in the affected files.

2. Stage the resolved files using git add <file-name>.

3. Continue the rebase process:

   Terminal

   gt continue
   
   

4. If you need to abort the rebase process:

   Terminal

   gt abort
   
   

By using gt sync, you can efficiently manage your stacked branches, keeping them in sync with the trunk and minimizing manual intervention. For more information on the Graphite CLI, you can check out the documentation here.